In many areas, the assessment of facts, situations, objects and persons is common practice.
In general, an assessment is a value judgement about a fact, a situation, an object or its characteristics or a person.
In the psychological sense, a natural person (appraiser) makes a judgement about an object (facts, situation, person). The object is assigned a value on an assessment dimension. Such a graded scale (e.g. good - medium - bad) is often found in practice in the form of grades of all kinds (school grades, ratings, credit scores, etc.).
In short, an assessment is the rating of an evaluation object. The person making the assessment must have the necessary elective and professional competence. As a rule, additional higher-level assessment criteria are used for an evaluation. These criteria are previously determined characteristics, with which the nature of the evaluation object is to be seized in the ideal case completely.
The kind of an evaluation depends on its evaluation object:
Assessments are always subjective despite evaluation criteria. Objectivity in the scientific sense does not exist with assessments of and by humans. It is still about subjective opinions. Already the selection and weighting of the assessment criteria contain subjective elements.
An assessment can fulfill relative objectivity, in that no personal assessment criteria of the critic flow in. In this case, also controlled subjectivity is spoken of.
Controlled subjectivity is an important prerequisite for avoiding errors of assessment. These occur if mistakes wrongly perceive the object of evaluation during the assessment. Reasons for the erroneous or wrong perception can be:
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