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Child Care Observation Guide: Types, Reports & More

Child care observation allows you to document the experience of children competently. This measures their development as they play, explore and learn.

Nicky Liedtke
by Nicky Liedtke | September 06, 2022 | Reading time: 8 minutes

What Is Child Care Observation?


Child care observation is important in every child’s life; it's the time for parents and caregivers to pay thorough attention to learning child behavior and identify their strengths and weaknesses to support them where they need it most. Child observation is most useful when dealing with infants and toddlers as they change so rapidly. Proper documentation and observation are crucial parts of the observation process.


Child care observation is not a short-term process and requires careful monitoring to record the necessary information. A tool that aids in this is a child care observation checklist. These insightful checklists help you learn and track the capabilities of each child. A child observation checklist report is used to record data like a child’s behavior, communication skills, and IQ. You must document each child’s data to gain holistic insights for your overall assessment.


As an educator, a child care observation report also helps you keep parents informed on their child’s development stages. To help you record the children's progress adeptly, you can take photos with a child care observation template and create reports for easy relay of information to parents. Thoroughly get to know a child as an individual by analyzing and documenting their behavior and habits. You can learn a lot from watching your children and noticing their unique preferences and abilities. This will help you decipher if they are growing at the expected rate or if there are any outliers.


Proper daycare observation indicates if there are toys or particular environments that trigger personal growth. This will also help you know the tools and activities a child needs to take on new interests and skills. A reliable observation should be factual, precise and as detailed as possible. Any information worth observing should be recorded in a checklist, which automatically creates a report with that data.


As a carer for infants and toddlers, it would be hard to remember exact details about each child by the end of the day. This is why a daycare observation checklist is of utmost importance as it’s hard to remember intricate details when caring for numerous children with specific needs and differences.


Child observations surrounding performance, character, and ability are nothing new and they occur even outside of childhood; from early education to professional work environments and even in healthcare and, at later stages, in elderly care, these observations take place. Child observation is the starting point for any kind of research, conversation, and subsequent feedback/action to be taken. Only through proper child observation can children be assessed accurately, employees coached effectively, and lasting changes be made.



In this guide, we will explore:


1. The relevance of child care observation


2. Types and methods of child care observation


3. Checklists as a tool for observation in childcare


4. How to write a child observation report sample


5. The purpose of observation in daycare



Toddler hands drawing scribbles with crayons on a white paper

The Importance of Child Care Observation


Careful child observation is relevant for parents, medical staff, and, of course, educators. Especially in a schooling context, it is highly important to carefully observe each child to be able to finetune individualized activities and tasks for them. This allows each child to develop well and at their own pace.


Educators are a crucial part of childcare and child observation as they help children reach their milestones and document these moments for future use. Observation may be one of the oldest, but simplest and most effective techniques to get accurate results. Observation is specific, which means you do not have to generalize how all children behave and can truly focus on individual characteristics and needs.


With child observation, you can direct your attention to individual children and uncover significant information about them. As an educator, this means you look out for how they handle situations, how they interact with others, how they act in their learning environment, and how they socialize. Proper child observation therefore:


  • helps educators and parents understand why a child acts the way they do.
  • helps identify kids with behavioral challenges and special needs.
  • helps educators understand the child so they can relate better.
  • helps to easily document each child's skills, progress, and weaknesses.
  • helps discover how they converse and communicate with their peers and others.


Types of Child Care Observation


There are several types of child observation; the type of observation to settle for is determined by the child’s personal history and the kind of assessment you want to conduct. The documentation of your observation should be periodic and comprehensive, including all the important details. Below are some of the different types of child observation that can be utilized in early childhood development:


  • Anecdotal Records: This is a recount of an event that covers the 3 W’s (what, when, and where). It gives a clear account of what happened and is written in past tense. Other factors such as body language, reactions, and facial expressions are included in the record.
  • Running Records: This type of observation involves recording what is going on at the moment. It is written in present tense and gives a detailed account of occurrences.
  • Time Samples: This includes recording information about a child at intervals. This can be used to identify negative behavior and its causes as it helps you understand the situation surrounding the behavior.
  • Jottings: Jottings are to record important events that happen during the day. These are short and precise sentences that document interactions, behaviors, and events.
  • Work Samples: These are creations from the child, like drawings, writings, figures, and other crafty creations. These can help you gauge the progress of each child. You can also note what the child did around the time they were working on the creation, and what inspired them to create said work.
  • Photographs: Images of each child complete with notes and descriptions of what was happening before the picture. This helps you document changes in their appearance and even more.

It is vital to use several child observation techniques to be able to take the child’s life and growth into account and get a holistic perception. The collection of these observation documents could be a great folder to own as a parent to look back on to see how far their child has come, and how they are doing in the present day.



What is an Observation Checklist in Childcare?


An observation report checklist is used to evaluate the growth of a child over time and facilitate the observation process. This can shed light on the areas where a child is lagging and bring to light the areas they shine the most.


This is done by observing and then sequentially comparing their behavior with set expectations. This way, the carer can see if and where there are issues. With a checklist, you can get a solid understanding of the evolution of a child and the significant events in their life. Checklists can also help you notice changes in the child so you can adjust or assess their observation. If you need to change the environment or methods of teaching and handling a child, you can discover this through checklists.


The data collected through these checklists can then be shared by a caregiver with the child’s parents so they can consider what changes need to be made and what kind of additional assessments the child may need. The family of a child can also share a checklist with professionals should the child need additional help. There are so many uses of checklists, one of which is how checklists help showcase the growth of a child over time.


Educators complete checklists to record their findings on the children and their development. Checklists are easy to use and do not require excessive time or rigorous documentation. One of the best things about checklists is that they can be used for virtually any scenario. There are a lot of checklists to pick from that are available for use for tracking things like health and nutrition, safety, caregiver-child interaction, parent partnership checklists and more to support healthy and thriving children through observations.


In a way, these checklists serve as a traceable and tangible timeline of a child’s growth that might otherwise go unnoticed or unacknowledged since changes can occur overnight. There are also checklists you can curate to suit your needs, like this free Lumiformchecklist.



How to Write a Child Observation Report Sample


As important as child observation is, it is incomplete without a child observation report. This is why every educator needs to know how to write one. A child observation report is putting together all of the gathered data surrounding the child and condensing it into a simple and organized report. These reports can be specific to an area of study; for example, a child’s social development.


For a productive observation, you need to pick a time that you can pay the most attention to the children. Observing the children and collecting data at the same time may not be a small feat - that is where checklists come in. If you need an easy way to note down information while also teaching, you can easily use Lumiform’s child observation checklists that will create a report for you after being filled in.


Taking time to observe the children is not enough. You need to take detailed notes of significant events whilst doing so. These notes are what your child observation report will be made up of. If you’re looking to write a digital child observation report, check out one of our examples here.


However, if you’re leaning towards creating child observation reports yourself, simply follow these steps to create your own checklist:


  1. The first thing you do is find a format you think will relay the data best. This depends on the context in which it will be used, as well as the type of observation that is to be completed. Do you need a lot of white space for independent observations and long texts? Should photos be attached?

  2. State the goal and type of the observation so that the person using the checklist is aware of what is expected of them.

  3. Include a specific column for information about the child (gender, age, group, special circumstances), if applicable.

  4. You can also include information about who else was present during the observation, other than just the observer.

  5. You can then state the exact activity you observed and how the child behaved through the activity.

  6. Include child development theory and research that pertains to the observation.

  7. Finally, conclude with the resulting action you plan to take next after the observation or if you have any plans to help the children improve in any area.


Wooden alphabet on a tray in a daycare facility

What Is The Purpose of Meaningful Observation In Daycare?


Meaningful daycare observation is invaluable. The preparation of the children for the next phase of their life through observing and assessing is fundamental to know what they need on their developmental journey moving forward. Daycare observation helps adults understand each child and have a good programming plan in place.


Early childhood educators will usually intensely observe children, as this is the stage they develop and form habits, interests, skills, and basic human knowledge. This is the best time to know how they learn and if they are encountering issues within any area so you can pay more attention and get them the help they need.


Another clear and simple purpose of meaningful daycare observation is to improve the students' learning experience and outcome by fine-tuning the educator’s teaching skills to suit each child. Meaningful daycare observation can help you answer the following questions:


  • What are their inherent interests?
  • How do they feel and react to transitions and daily routines?
  • How do they react to different activities and/or environments?
  • What is their style of learning?

We can then use this information to create deeper connections and engagements in class. This will also help educators know which activities to line up for the children, and how to go about it. During an observation, you get to know materials they like to work with and figure out those that would aid them in their learning the most.


As they grow, these observations will help you create individualized support for each child to ensure that everyone receives the same opportunities. Research has stressed the importance of ensuring children’s competencies early for school success later in life, including social relationships and self-regulation competence.



Kindergarten teacher helping child sign his name on a crayon drawing

FAQ

What is observation in childcare?

Childcare observation helps keep track of a child's developmental stages and records progress. This way, daycare workers and parents can focus on the child's strengths and support them in their weaknesses.

What are types of observation in childcare?

Children can be observed in four different ways, each serving a different purpose. They are classified as follows:

  1. Covert observation
  2. Overt observation
  3. Participant observation
  4. Non-participant observation

Why is childcare observation important?

Other than becoming aware of a child's general strengths and weaknesses and supporting them properly, childcare observation also helps identify kids with behavioural issues and special needs early on so they can get the help and care they need.

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Nicky Liedtke

Nicky Liedtke

Nicky is a content writer and researcher for Lumiform. With her content writing and copywriting experience, she creates high-quality content across a variety of relevant topics. She aims to promote workplace safety, sustainable operational excellence, and continuous improvement in her articles. She is passionate about communicating how technology can be used to have a positive impact on the environment and helping organizations reduce paper waste and achieve their business goals.

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