A3 reports or A3 models are typically composed of five sections: Background, Task, Results, Variables and Conclusions. The background section provides information about the problem being solved, such as its definition and magnitude. The task section describes what needs to be done to solve the problem– everything from identifying resources required to completing specific tasks. Results show how well each task was completed, including any errors made along the way. Variables show how certain factors affected results – for example if more workers were hired then expected costs would increase due to increased overtime expenses; likewise, if production targets were lowered then unexpected inventory levels might arise. Finally, conclusions provide guidance on future actions that should be taken based on observed results